Transfer learning involves taking a model pre-trained on a large, general dataset (e.g., ImageNet) and adapting it to a new, specific task or domain (e.g., gel formation analysis). This is done by:
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Fine-Tuning: Updating the weights of the pre-trained model using a smaller, task-specific dataset.
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Feature Extraction: Using the pre-trained model as a fixed feature extractor and training a new classifier on top of it.